Foot Drop

Foot drop (drop foot) is where it's difficult to lift or move your foot and toes. It usually affects 1 foot and can affect the way you walk.

Causes of foot drop

The most common cause of foot drop is an injury to a nerve that runs down your leg and controls the muscles that lift your foot.

This can be caused by:

sports injuries
a slipped disc in the spine
crossing your legs, kneeling or squatting for long periods of time
problems with your nerves (peripheral neuropathy) caused by diabetes
hip or knee replacement surgery
not moving for a long time (for example, if you're staying in hospital)

Foot drop can get better on its own and with treatment, but sometimes it can be permanent.

Less common causes of foot drop include:

inherited conditions like Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
muscle weakness caused by muscular dystrophy, spinal muscular atrophy or motor neurone disease
damage to the brain or spinal cord caused by a stroke, cerebral palsy, Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis

See a GP if:

you find it difficult to lift the front part of your foot and toes

What happens at your GP appointment

If you have foot drop, a GP will examine your leg and foot, and look at the way you walk.

You may be referred to a specialist for more tests, such as an X-ray, ultrasound scan or CT scan, to find out what's causing your dropped foot.

Treatment for foot drop

How foot drop is treated depends on what's causing it and how long you've had it for.

Sometimes it can get better on its own.

Common treatments for foot drop include:

physiotherapy to strengthen or stretch the muscles in your leg and foot
a brace, splint or shoe insert to help hold the foot in position
a small device that's put onto or under your skin and uses electrical signals to help your nerves work (electrical stimulation) - especially if you've had a stroke or have multiple sclerosis

If you have permanent loss of movement from foot drop, you may have surgery to fuse the ankle and foot joints, or repair or graft the nerve.

Things you can do if you have foot drop

There's a higher risk of tripping and falling if you have foot drop.

But there are some simple changes you can make to help avoid this.

Do

wear shoes that fit well and support your feet
use a walking aid, such as a stick, if you need one
keep the floors in your home clear
remove things you could trip on in your home, such as loose rugs and electrical cables
keep your house well lit
install handrails on stairs and put glow in the dark (fluorescent) tape on the top and bottom step

Find out more about how to prevent falls

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